Nicolas Jack Roeg ( ; 15 August 1928 – 23 November 2018) was an English film director and cinematographer, best known for directing Performance (1970), Walkabout (1971), Don't Look Now (1973), The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976), Bad Timing (1980) and The Witches (1990).
Making his directorial debut 23 years after his entry into the film business, Roeg quickly became known for an idiosyncratic visual and narrative style, characterised by the use of disjointed and disorienting editing. For this reason, he is considered a highly influential filmmaker, cited as an inspiration by such directors as Steven Soderbergh, Christopher Nolan and Danny Boyle.
In 1999, the British Film Institute acknowledged Roeg's importance in the British film industry by naming Don't Look Now and Performance the 8th- and 48th-greatest British films of all time in its Top 100 British films poll.
Roeg was a second-unit cinematographer on David Lean's Lawrence of Arabia (1962) and this led to Lean's hiring Roeg as cinematographer on his next film, Doctor Zhivago (1965); Roeg's creative vision clashed with that of Lean and eventually he was fired from the production and replaced by Freddie Young, who received sole credit for cinematography when the film was released in 1965. He was credited as cinematographer on Roger Corman's The Masque of the Red Death and François Truffaut's Fahrenheit 451, as well as John Schlesinger's Far from the Madding Crowd and Richard Lester's Petulia; the latter is the last film on which Roeg was solely credited for cinematography and also shares many characteristics and similarities with Roeg's work as a director.
Roeg followed up with Walkabout, which tells the story of an English teenage girl and her younger brother who are abandoned in the Australian Outback by their father after his suicide and forced to fend for themselves, with the help of an Aboriginal boy on his walkabout. Roeg cast Jenny Agutter in the role of the girl, his son Luc Roeg as the boy, and David Gulpilil as the Aboriginal boy. It was widely praised by critics despite its lack of commercial success.
Roeg's next film, Don't Look Now, is based on Daphne du Maurier's short story of the same name and starred Julie Christie and Donald Sutherland as a married couple in Venice mourning the death of their daughter who had drowned. It attracted scrutiny early on due to a sex scene between Sutherland and Christie, which was unusually explicit for the time. Roeg's decision to inter-cut the sexual intercourse with shots of the couple dressing afterwards was reportedly due to the need to assuage the fears of the censors and there were rumours at the time of its release that the sex was unsimulated. The film was widely praised by critics and considered one of the most important and influential horror films ever made.
Similarly to Performance, Roeg cast musicians in leading roles for his next two films, The Man Who Fell to Earth and Bad Timing. The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976) stars David Bowie as a humanoid alien who comes to Earth to collect water for his planet, which is suffering from a drought. The film divided critics and was truncated upon its U.S. release. Despite this, it was entered into the Berlin International Film Festival where Roeg was nominated for the Golden Bear. It is today considered an important science fiction film and is one of Roeg's most celebrated films. Bad Timing was released in 1980 and stars Art Garfunkel as an American psychiatrist living in Vienna who develops a love affair with a fellow expatriate (played by Theresa Russell, to whom Roeg was later married), which culminates in the latter being rushed to hospital due to an incident the nature of which is revealed over the course of the film. At first, it was disliked by critics, as well as by the Rank Organisation, its distributor, who allegedly described it as "a sick film made by sick people for sick people." Rank requested that their logo be taken off the finished film.
Bad Timing marked the beginning of a three-film partnership with Jeremy Thomas. The second of these films Eureka (1983) is loosely based on the true story of Sir Harry Oakes; it received a largely limited release both theatrically and on home video. It was followed up with Insignificance, which imagines a meeting between Marilyn Monroe, Albert Einstein, Monroe's second husband Joe DiMaggio and Senator Joseph McCarthy. Insignificance was screened in competition at the 1985 Cannes Film Festival, with the film being selected to compete for the Palme d'Or.
In 1986, Roeg was approached by then Secretary of State for Health and Social Services Norman Fowler and the advertising agency TBWA Worldwide to direct the British government's public health campaign .
Roeg's next two films, Castaway and Track 29, are considered minor entries in his oeuvre. Roeg was selected to direct an adaptation of Roald Dahl's children's novel The Witches by Jim Henson, who had procured the film rights to the book in 1983. This would prove to be his last major studio film and proved a great success with critics, although it was a box-office failure. Roeg made only three theatrical films following The Witches: Cold Heaven (1992), Two Deaths (1995) and Puffball (2007). Roeg also did a small amount of work for television, including Sweet Bird of Youth, an adaptation of the Tennessee Williams play, and Heart of Darkness and an episode of George Lucas Young Indiana Jones.
Roeg did not make any more films after 2007, but published a memoir, The World Is Ever Changing, in 2013.
These techniques, along with Roeg's foreboding sense of atmosphere, influenced later such filmmakers as Steven Soderbergh, Tony Scott,Ariel Leve. "Interview with Tony Scott" , The Sunday Times Magazine. August 2005; accessed 12 July 2010. Ridley Scott, François Ozon and Danny Boyle.Adams, Tim "Danny Boyle: 'As soon as you think you can do whatever you want... then you're sunk The Guardian, 5 December 2010. In addition to this, Christopher Nolan has said his film Memento would have been "pretty unthinkable" without Roeg and cites the finale of Insignificance as an influence on his own Inception. In addition to this, Steven Soderbergh's Out of Sight features a love scene that is visibly influenced by that in Don't Look Now.
A further theme that can be seen to be running through Roeg's filmography is characters who are out of their natural setting. Examples of this include the schoolchildren in the Outback in Walkabout, the men and women in Venice in Don't Look Now, the alien on Earth in The Man Who Fell to Earth, and the Americans in Vienna in Bad Timing.
Roeg's influence on cinema is not limited to deconstructing narrative. The "Memo from Turner" sequence in Performance predates many techniques later used in music videos. The "quadrant" sequence in Bad Timing, in which the thoughts of Theresa Russell and Art Garfunkel are heard before words are spoken set to Keith Jarrett's piano music from The Köln Concert, stretched the boundaries of what could be done with film.
In 1994, he was awarded a British Film Institute Fellowship. In the 1996 New Year Honours, Roeg was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.
Actor Donald Sutherland (who named one of his sons after Roeg) described Roeg as a "fearless visionary". Filmmaker Duncan Jones, the son of David Bowie, who starred in The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976), also paid tribute to Roeg, calling him a "great storyteller" and "inimitable".
Short film
Television
Cannes Film Festival
Hugo Award
Director
Style and influence
Legacy and honours
Personal life and death
Filmography
Director
Film
1970 Performance Co-directed with Donald Cammell 1971 Walkabout Also writer 1972 Glastonbury Fayre Documentary; uncredited 1973 Don't Look Now 1976 The Man Who Fell to Earth 1980 Bad Timing 1983 Eureka 1985 Insignificance 1986 Castaway 1988 Track 29 1989 Sweet Bird of Youth Television film 1990 The Witches 1991 Cold Heaven 1993 Heart of Darkness Television film 1995 Two Deaths 1995 Full Body Massage Television film 2007 Puffball 1967 Breakthrough 1987 Un ballo in maschera Segment of Aria (Also writer) 1995 Hotel Paradise 2000 The Sound of Claudia Schiffer 2014 The Film That Buys the Cinema One-minute segment
Episodic television
1993 The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles Episode "Paris, October 1916" 1996 Samson and Delilah Miniseries
Cinematographer
1960 Jazz Boat Ken Hughes With Ted Moore 1961 Information Received Robert Lynn 1962 Dr. Crippen Band of Thieves Peter Bezencenet 1963 Just for Fun Gordon Flemyng The Caretaker Clive Donner 1964 The Masque of the Red Death Roger Corman Nothing But the Best Clive Donner Code 7, Victim 5 Robert Lynn The System Michael Winner 1965 Every Day's a Holiday James Hill 1966 Fahrenheit 451 François Truffaut A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum Richard Lester 1967 Far from the Madding Crowd John Schlesinger 1968 Petulia Richard Lester 1970 Performance Himself
Donald Cammell 1971 Walkabout Himself 1972 Glastonbury Fayre Peter Neal Documentary film 1961 The Pursuers Robert Lynn Episode "The Frame" (Location shoot) Ghost Squad Episode "Death from a Distance"
Awards and nominations
1964 Nothing But the Best Best Cinematography (Colour) 1967 Far from the Madding Crowd 1973 Don't Look Now Best Direction 1971 Walkabout Palme d'Or 1987 Aria 1985 Insignificance Technical Grand Prize 1976 The Man Who Fell to Earth Best Dramatic Presentation 1990 The Witches 1967 Far from the Madding Crowd Nominated – National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Cinematography (3rd place) 1976 The Man Who Fell to Earth Nominated – Golden Bear 1980 Bad Timing London Film Critics' Circle Award for Director of the Year
Toronto International Film Festival People's Choice Award1988 Track 29 Nominated – Deauville Critics Award 1990 The Witches Nominated – Fantasporto 1995 Two Deaths Nominated – Gold Chicago Hugo
Citations
Sources
External links
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